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Maehle (2006: p. 297) states that "Patanjali is thought to be a manifestation of the serpent of eternity". Shiva is often shown garlanded with a snake. The serpent is a common feature in Ganesha iconography and appears in many forms: around the neck, use as a sacred thread (Sanskrit: yajñyopavīta) wrapped around the stomach as a belt, held in a hand, coiled at the ankles, or as a throne. Vishnu is originally portrayed in the form sheltered by Śeṣanāga or reclining on Śeṣa, but the iconography has been extended to other deities as well. Their eternal mortal enemies are the Garudas, the legendary semidivine birdlike-deities. However, they often took beneficial protagonist role in Hindu mythology in Samudra manthan folklore, Vasuki, a nāgarāja who abides on Shiva's neck, became the churning rope for churning of the Ocean of Milk. Their power and venom made them potentially dangerous to humans. They are also often associated with bodies of waters - including rivers, lakes, seas, and wells - and are guardians of treasure. Their domain is in the enchanted underworld, the underground realm filled with gems, gold and other earthly treasures called Naga-loka or Patala-loka.

The nāgas are described as the powerful, splendid, wonderful and proud semidivine race that can assume their physical form either as human, partial human-serpent or the whole serpent. The mythological serpent race that took form as cobras can often be found in Hindu iconography. They are the children of the Rishi Kashyapa and Kadru. They are common and hold cultural significance in the mythological traditions of many South Asian and Southeast Asian cultures. Nagaraja is seen as the king of nāgas and nāginis. A female naga is a " Nagi", " Nagin", or " Nagini". They are principally depicted in three forms: wholly human with snakes on the heads and necks, common serpents, or as half-human half-snake beings in Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism. Rituals devoted to these supernatural beings have been taking place throughout south Asia for at least two thousand years. of nāga IAST: nāgī Devanāgarī: नागी) are divine, semi-divine deities, or a semi-divine race of half-human half-serpent beings that reside in the netherworld ( Patala) and can occasionally take human form.

cbr.The Nāga ( IAST: nāga Devanāgarī: नाग) or Nagi (f.